HomeBerufskolleg ÜbersichtEnglisch Hauptprüfung 1995

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1995

Text
AUFGABE
JOBS Zeile
For more than two decades, from the late 1940s to the early 1970s, the
industrialized world enjoyed an unprecedented period of rapid growth and rising
productivity that had economies running at full steam. Trade grew, incomes
rose, living standards soared and in Europe, the United States and Japan,
practically everyone who wanted a job could have one.		  


5
Look at us now. Our incomes have not increased any longer. Governments
are running chronic deficits. And most miserable of all, millions of people can
no longer find the work they need. Nearly half of Europe's 20 million unemployed
have been out of work for more than a year.		  


10
Long-term unemployment burdens government social programs, reduces tax
revenue, wastes human capital, increases income disparities and robs people
of their sense of self-worth. It fuels anti-immigrant sentiment and social
unrest. If it persists, countries can lose the skills they need to compete. "We
are squandering our people." says one EC Employment Commissioner. "There
is somebody unemployed on every street, and on some streets, there are
dozens."		  



15
Millions of unemployed workers are out of a job today because the work they
once did is now unnecessary. Some of them made or did things we no longer
need. Some of their tasks have been taken over or made easier by machines.
Those jobs are gone forever.		  

20
But even as technology destroys jobs, it has also created them. How? Two ways.
First, because people are needed to create the new technology and make it
work. Second, and more important, because technology boosts productivity,
making it possible to get more output from less work. Increased productivity
boosts profits and increases wages that create demand - and thus new jobs.		  


25
For some, the changes lying ahead will be difficult: frequent retraining,
shortened careers, less security. For others they will offer new opportunities
and responsibilities. In the meantime, for all workers it means instabtility and
uncertainty.		  


30
Adapted from: Newsweek, June 14, 1993

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1995

Language
AUFGABE
I. 1 LANGUAGE     ( ) = line Punkte
FORM A CORRESPONDING NOUN FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS
(NO 'ING-FORM')
1) compete (14)
2) important (24)		  

0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING VERB
3) immigrant (13)
4) security (28)		  
0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING ADJECTIVE (NO PARTICIPLES)
5) skills (14)
6) responsibilities (29)		  
0,5
0,5
FIND A SYNONYM
7) reduces (11)
8) persists (14)
9) opportunities (28)		  
1
1
1
FIND AN OPPOSITE
10) rapid (3)
11) most (8)		  
1
1
EXPLAIN IN A COMPLETE SENTENCE
12) retraining (27)		  
2
CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE
13). Long-term unemployment fuels anti-immigrant sentiment and social unrest. 		 
1
PUT INTO DIRECT SPEACH
14) An EC – official in Brussels said that experience pointed to the fact that
growth alone would not attack the problem of unemployment.		  

1
REWRITE THE SENTENCE, DON'T USE THE PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION
15) For some, the changes lying ahead will be difficult.		  
1
REWRITE THE SENTENCE, USE A PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION
16) When people have lost their jobs, they are often robbed of their sense of
self-worth.		  

1
PUT IN THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS
17) for about ten years now companies all over the developed world
(to be forced) to slim down in order to become more efficient.
18) The problem of unemployment would not have become so pressing,
if structural changes (to be made) earlier.		  

1

1
16

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1995

Questions
AUFGABE
I. 2 QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words Use complete
sentences. Questions 1 – 4 refer directly to the text.		  
I		  
S
1) How has the economic situation in the industrialized countries
changed since the war?		  
2		  
4
2) What are the consequences of long-term unemployment? 2 4
3) Why have certain jobs disappeared completely? 1 2
4) In what way has technology helped create new jobs? 1 2
5) Which new ways of distributing work have been
suggested recently?		  
2
4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1995

Translation
AUFGABE
II. TRANSLATION Punkte
ROBOTS – A STRONG ARM AND A STEADY HAND
General Motors, which has cut more than l00,000 factory jobs in the 1990s,
bought a record 4,000 new robots in 1994, increasing its robotic workforce
by one third.		  
The company mirrors a trend: factories are being taken over by robots from
the United States to Singapore. This increased robotization has in practice ended
the debate in Western countries whether it's wrong to give humans' jobs to
robots. Companies have to automate to survive.		  
The reason why there aren't even more robots is mainly their technical
limitations. Artificial intelligence has evolved slowly, and industrial robots
remain essentially super mechanical arms. Today they make factory work
easier by performing the nastiest jobs like welding, painting cars or
transporting heavy materials. But they are still too clumsy for many delicate
tasks.		  




20
Adapted from: Newsweek, February 6, 1995  
Language  
+ Questions 
+ Translation 		 
16
24
20
Gesamt      60

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 1

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Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1995
AUFGABE
WIMDMILLS ARE BLOWING UP A STORM Zeile
Until two years ago wind power was as sacred as the rain forest to Britain's
Greens But now that 19 wind farms have been erected around the country, a
growing minority of the environmental movement see wind generated energy as
one of the biggest mistakes. They argue that in addition to being noisy, wind
farms are costly, inefficient, unreliable and dangerous to birds. And. they add,
the tall white turbines are spoiling the landscape.		  


5
The British Isles, particularly Scotland, are the windiest part of Europe But
while windpower has long been harnessed with modern technology in Denmark,
Belgium and Holland, this happened in Britain on a large scale only after
electricity generation was privatized in 1989. The government then obliged
electric companies to buy 20 percent of their power from sources other than
coal, oil and gas. That sounds promising for alternative energy, but in fact
only 3 percent of that power comes from renewable sources; the rest is
nuclear generated. For wind to provide half as much electricity as nuclear
power, at least 40,000 turbines would have to be erected. Currently there
are 380 windmills supplying not even 1 percent of the country's electricity.		  

10




15
Wind-farm supporters argue that's a start, and they dismiss the current
environmental backlash as only temporary troubles. Wind-farm developers are
learning how to minimize noise by adding insulation and the disturbing sight by
following the contour of the land more closely. Some residents living near
wind farms appear to be warming to the idea; a survey taken around a wind
farm in Cornwall found that fewer people thought it had destroyed the
scenery than had expected it to do so before it was built. "Some people view
wind farms as elegant and inspiring symbols of non-polluting energy," says a
leading environmentalist. "You have to weigh being able to see a few wind
turbines against being poisoned by acid rain."		  

20




25
Adapted from: Newsweek, March 28, 1994

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1995

Language
AUFGABE
I.1. LANGUAGE Punkte
FORM A CORRESPONDING NOUN FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWlNG WORDS
(no 'ing-form')
1) provide (15)
2) expected (24)		  

0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING VERB
3) dangerous (6)
4) insulation (20)		  
0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING ADJECTIVE (no participles)
5) addition (5)
6) poisoned (27)		  
0,5
0,5
FIND A SYNONYM
7) currently (16)
8) troubles (19)
9) taken (22)		  
1
1
1
FIND AN OPPOSITE
10) privatized (11)
11) supporters (08)		  
1
1
EXPLAIN IN A COMPLETE SENTENCE
12) survey ( 22)		  
2
CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE
13) A growing minority of the environmental movement see wind
generated energy as one of the biggest mistakes.		  
1
CHANGE INTO THE DIRECT SPEECH
14) A critic of wind farms said he had serious doubts whether
wind farms were environmentally and economically sound.		  

1
REWRITE THE SENTENCE, DON'T USE THE PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION
15) Currently, there are 380 windmills supplying not even one percent
of the country's electricity.		  

1
REWRITE THE SENTENCE, USE A PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION
16) Wind-farm supporters argue that's a start, and they dismiss
the current environmental backlash as only temporary troubles.		  

1
PUT IN THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS
17) So far we (to produce) most of our electricity from sources
such as coal, oil and gas.
18) We could have saved a lot of these fuel resources if we
(to switch over) to alternative energies at an earlier stage.		  

1

1
Language 16

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1995

Questions
AUFGABE
I. 2 QUESTIONS Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words.
Use complete sentences. Questions 1 to 4 refer directly to the text.		  
I		  
S
1) Which disadvantages of wind farms have been pointed out in
recent years? 		 
2		  
4
2) Which government decision gave alternative energies a chance?  
1		  
2
3) Why is wind energy still relatively unimportant compared to nuclear energy?  
1		  
2
4) What makes supporters of wind-generated energy optimistic
about the future of wind energy?		  
2		  
4
5) In what ways does modern technology influence the landscape
of our country?		  
2		  
4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

 

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1995

Translation
AUFGABE
II. TRANSLATION Punkte
INVESTING IN THE UNDERGROUND
It must be many years since anyone has actually enjoyed travelling on the
London Underground Last month's disastrous power failures have shown all
too obviously the basic problem: lack of inuestment. In the tunnels, parts of
the system are simply disintegrating from old age.		  
Everyone agrees that London needs a worldclass underground railway. Everyone
knows that considerable investment is urgently required, just to keep the
system running safely and on time. But where is the money to come from?
Fares are already high enough. And no one is seriously proposing privatisation
as a solution. But if London is to retain its status as one of the world's
leading cities it must have a decent transport system and both the public and
private sectors will have to contribute.		  





20
Adapted from: The Weekly Telegraph, December 8 – 14, 1993
Language  
+ Questions 
+ Translation 		 
16
24
20
Gesamt      60

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 2

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