Home Berufskolleg Übersicht Englisch Hauptprüfung 1998

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1998

Text

AUFGABE
CHILD LABOUR Z.
When the United States senator Tom Harkin introduced a Child Labour Deterrence Bill to block
imports into the US of any products made by children, there was widespread applause. In
Bangladesh the bill had an electric effect. Scores of textile manufacturers promptly sacked
their child workers, leaving many of them to make a living in even worse conditions.
Twelve-year-old Delwar Hossain used to spend 12 hours a day pressing shirts and packing
them for export. It was a tough life, and he has a patch of bumed skin on his arm from an
industrial accident when he was burned by an iron. But without his factory job, he had to earn
money by selling waste paper that he collected in the street. He lived with his mentally-ill
mother and was the only bread-winner. Some of the girls who lost their jobs turned to
prostitution. 		5




10
The Harkin bill is only one example of how, in the complex world of child labour, the cure can
sometimes be worse than the disease. But however damaging in its immediate effect, the bill
helped to arouse the Bangladeshi government. Along with Unicef it negotiated a deal with the
textile manufacturers to give the free jobs to family members while the children received a
government grant to attend training schools.		  



15
Acording to the best available evidence, children in poor families sometimes contribute up to a
quarter of household income. But from a longer perspective, child labour children lose out on
education and the chance of better earning power when they become adults.
Economic incentives should be introduced to support or compensate families for the loss of
income when children go to school rather than work. Schemes which provide small loans to
women have had a powerful effect in cutting child labour. Broad programmes of this kind may
be the only ways of dealing with the enormous amount of child labour that is almost
unreachable by law.		  
20
Adapted from: The Guardian Weekly, November 23, 1997
Child Labour Deterrence Bill: Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Kinderarbeit

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1998

Language
AUFGABE
I.1. L A N G U A G E Punkte
Give a corresponding noun of each of the following words (no 'ing-forms').
1. 16: available
2. 16: contribute		  
0,5
0,5
Give a corresponding verb
3. 2: products
4. 7: industrial		  
0,5
0,5
Give a corresponding adjective (no participles).
5. 16: evidence
6. 23: law		  
0,5
0,5
Find a synonym.
7. 1: block
8. 12: damaging
9. 21: cutting		  
1
1
1
Find an opposite.
10. 6: tough
11. 22: enormous		  
1
1
Explain in a complete sentence.
12. 9: bread-winner		  
2
Change into the passive voice.
13. The US senator Tom Harkin introduced a Child Labour Deterrence Bill in
the Senate.		  

1
Change the participle construction into a subordinate clause.
14. The bill blocks imports into the US of any products made by children.		  
1
Change the relative clause into a participle construction.
15. Schemes which provide small loans to women have had a powerful
effect.		  

1
Change into direct speech.
16. Unicef pointed out that poverty did not automatically lead to child labour
because not all poor children worked.		  

1
Put in the correct form of the verb in brackets.
17. If the Harkin bill (to fail), there would not have been a deal with
Bangladeshi manufacturers.
18. At a world summit two years ago industrialised countries (to take)
measures to help the third world.		  

1

1
Language 16

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1998

Questions
AUFGABE
I. 2. Q U E S T I O N S Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words. Use complete sentences.
Questions 1 to 5 refer directly to the text.		 I S
1. What was the immediate reaction to the Child Labour Deterrence Bill? 1 2
2. What can children in poor countries do instead of working in a factory? 1 2
3. How did the Bangladeshi government react to the problem? 2 4
4. What are the long-term disadvantages for children who work? 1 2
5. What kinds of programmes are necessary? 1 2
6. Why is a good education necessary in today s society? 2 4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1998

Translation
AUFGABE
II. T R A N S L A T I O N Z. P.
BRITISH STUDENTS REJECT LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
There is a particular problem arising from the position of English as the dominant world
language. Teenagers do not have the same motivation as those in other countries to
learn a foreign language and they do not know which one to learn.
There are now at least 1,5 billion English speakers around the world. In Europe more
than 40% speak the language. Most continental children leam English at a relatively
early age, often adding a second foreign language at a later age.		  
5
British students' growing insularity is underlined by a drop in the numbers of students
attending courses at European universities. In 1995 to 1996 nearly 22,000 students from
the Continent visited Britain to take part in programmes sponsored by the European
Union. Fewer than 12,000 British students returned the compliment. Figures published
this month suggest a further decline.		  


10
Adapted from: The Times, January 3, 1998
Translation 20

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 1 von Ingo FALK

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Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1998

Text
AUFGABE
EUROPE'S TRAFFIC TRAUMA Z.
Every traveler to London knows the story. You arrive at Heathrow airport and then your
troubles begin. The motorway linking Heathrow to central London is one long traffic jam. After
years of neglect, roadworks are growing ever more frequent; at one point the highway
suddenly narrows from six lanes to four. Recently a spokesman for the Royal Automobile Club
said ironically: "We might as well put up a road sign saying: GO HOME, LONDON CLOSED!"		  



5
After 18 years of car-friendly Conservative policies, Britain's new Labour government has
ordered the biggest rethink in transport policy for a generation. It has to. The number of cars
on Britain's roads has risen from 5.7 million in 1960 to 21 million today - and is forecast to
grow to 27.8 million by 2010.		  


10
Britain's problems aren't unique. Throughout the EU, car ownership has doubled since 1975
and space is running out an a crowded continent. Says one traffic expert: "We've found out
that no matter how much you widen the streets, in the end they attract more traffic." Now
planners concentrate on both pushing motorists out of their cars and pulling them on to public
transport. Berlin's strategy e.g. combines narrowed roads, a reduced speed limit and limits on
the number of parking spaces. Other measures, also in discussion, are higher subsidies for
public transport and new streetcar lines.		  



15
Better yet, environmentalists argue, encourage people to use pedal power. Bikes are clean,
cheap and healthy. They refer to Copenhagen, where a third of all commuters travel to work
on two wheels. In 1995, the city introduced a thousand "City Bikes", placed at stands around
the streets and available for a 20-kronen ($3,25) charge. Need a bike for an hour or so? Just
put your money in the slot, release the lock and ride away. Return it to any other stand at the
end of the ride and get your money back.		  

20
Whatever the scheme, the message is clear: ways will have to be found to reduce congestion
and pollution in European cities.		  
25
Adapted from: Newsweek, August, 25, 1997

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1998

Language
AUFGABE
I.1. LANGUAGE Punkte
Form a corresponding noun from each of the following words.( no 'ing-forms')
1. 1: arrive
2. 18: argue
3. 20: introduced		  
0,5
0,5
0,5
Form a corresponding verb from each of the following words.
4. 2: central
5. 2: long		  
0,5
0,5
Form a corresponding adjective from each of the following words. (no participles)
6. 7: number
7. 12: continent
8. 13: attract		  
0,5
0,5
0,5
Find a synonymous expression
9. 9: forecast
10. 12: found out		  
1
1
Find an opposite.
11. 3: frequent
12. 16: higher		  
1
1
Explain in a complete sentence.
13. 4: automobile club		  
2
Change into the passive voice.
14. Britain's new Labour government has ordered the biggest rethink in
transport policy.		  

1
Change into the active voice.
15. Ways will have to be found to reduce pollution.		  
1
Change the participle construction into a subordinate clause.
16. The motorway linking Heathrow to central London is one long traffic jam.		  
1
Change into direct speech.
17. The British transport minister said that there was a consensus that
people had to use the car less frequently.		  

1
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
18. For years now, environmentalists (to demand) that the car should be left
at home more often.
19. If people in Paris (not, to like) their cars so much, traffic in their city could
be reduced by 10 per cent.		  

1

1
Language 16

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1998

Questions
AUFGABE
I.2. Q U E S T I O N S Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words. Write complete sentences.
Questions 1 to 5 refer directly to the text.		 I S
1. What will travelers from Heathrow to central London probably experience? 1 2
2. Why has the new Labour government changed its transport policy? 1 2
3. What ideas have been suggested in order to cope with Berlin's traffic problems? 2 4
4. Why do environmentalists favor the bike? 1 2
5. How does Copenhagen's City Bike system work? 1 2
6. Some politicians say petrol should cost 2 or 3 times as much as today. What
consequences do you think could such a measure have?		 2 4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1998

Translation
AUFGABE
II. TRANSLATION Z. P.
AIR POLLUTION
Since the beginning of the industrial age, we have sent millions of tons of chemicals and
pollutants into the air. But in recent years, the extent of air pollution has become clear:
the emission of CFCs e.g. is thinning the ozone layer that protects the earth from the
sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Carbon dioxide and other industrial fumes have been trapping heat in our atmosphere
and causing a greenhouse effect while the temperature of the earth slowly starts to rise.		 5
In response to these alarming facts, big cornpanies like Japan's Chiyoda Corporation
have begun to fight air pollution. Chiyoda has developed a process which removes 98%
of sulfur dioxide from emissions of power plants, refineries and other industrial
complexes that burn heavy oil, coal or other fossil fuels. This technology is now being
used in plants worldwide, thus reducing acid rain considerably.		  


10
Adapted from: Newsweek, November 4, 1996
Translation 20

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 2

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