Home Berufskolleg Übersicht Englisch Hauptprüfung 1997

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1997

Text
AUFGABE
MORE CHANCES FOR WOMEN IN THE WORKING WORLD?
In some ways, it has been a wonderful century for women. Whether it is the anti-baby pill
or the dishwasher or the drip-dry shirt, science and technology have made their lives
easier, at any rate in the rich world.		  
Outside the home, lots of closed doors have opened. Women now make up between a
third and half of the rich world's workforce; and their pay has risen sharply relative to
men's. From a male point of view, it is women who have an advantage in today's labour
market. "Women's jobs" have boomed, while men's have disappeared. Unskilled young
men now find it much harder than their mothers to get jobs.		  
Yet from the viewpoint of ambitious young women, the chances in the working world are
not as rosy as they might appear. Only few of them sit in legislatures and on court
benches. And even fewer run governments or opposition parties. And big companies?
Unless you inherit the job from your dad, forget it. Everywhere, women bosses in large
companies can be counted on a few fingers. There may be plenty of jobs in the
supermarket, in nursing or at school: but move into management, and they disappear.		  
Certainly, women's progress up the ladder is restricted by the prejudice that they must be
the main child-carers. American research has also found out that some of the few
women in management feel so unsatisfied and undervalued that they leave early - and in
proportionately greater numbers than their male rivals.		  
But woman have an alternative: to set up businesses of their own. Women now own 8
million American companies - one third of all firms - and their number is growing. The
number of people employed in woman-owned companies that have 100 or more workers
is rising more than twice as fast as the average for all such American firms.		  
(Adapted from: The Economist, August 10, 1996)

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1997

Language
AUFGABE
I. 1. LANGUAGE Punkte
FORM A CORRESPONDING NOUN FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS
(NO "ING-FORMS").
1. disappeared (7)
2. ambitious (9)		  

0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING VERB.
3. opposition (11)
4. large (12)		  
0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING ADJECTIVE (NO PARTICIPLE).
5. science (2)
6. governments (11)		  
0,5
0,5
FIND A SYNONYM.
7. rich (3)
8. restricted (15)
9. set up (19) 		 
1
1
1
FIND AN OPPOSITE.
10. forget (12)
11. growing (20)		  
1
1
EXPLAIN IN A COMPLETE SENTENCE.
12. rivals (18)		  
2
CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE.
13. Technology has made women's domestic lives easier.		  
1
CHANGE THE PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION INTO A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE.
14. The number of people employed in women-owned companies is rising.		  
1
CHANGE INTO DRECT SPEECH.
15. ln his speech the expert said that women who had worked continously since finishing
university earned 19% less than men.		  

1
PUT IN THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS.
16. Drip-dry shirts (to become) very popular since they (to be invented) in the 1950s.
17. If men (to take) women's problems more seriously in the past, discrimination at work
could have been stopped. 		 
2

1
Language 16

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1997

Questions
AUFGABE
I. 2. QUESTIONS Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words. Use complete sentences.
Questions 1 to 4 refer directly to the text.		 I S
1. In what ways has the life of women in rich countries improved in our century? 2 4
2. What special situation are ambitious young women facing in the working world? 2 4
3. What are the difficulties for women on the job? 1 2
4. What facts show that women-owned firms are successful? 1 2
5. Why have so many jobs been lost in recent years? 2 4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 1

Hauptprüfung 1997

Translation
AUFGABE
II. TRANSLATION Punkte
THE DIFFICULT QUESTIONS OF WELFARE REFORM  
Half a century ago, Britain had the ambition to eliminate the big social problems: poverty,
disease, ignorance. Today, the welfare system is again a highly important political issue,
but in a completely different sense.		  
The Conservative government is divided over the question of how much and fast public
spending should be cut. The right wing wants drastic cuts, while the left wing warns of
social unrest which such changes might bring. But if any significant savings are to be
achieved in public spending, the welfare sector cannot be excluded.		  
Health care and income in old age are necessities, but the problem is that life
expectancy is increasing whereas the number of people of working age is diminishing.
As a result tax payers will eventually be unable to finance benefits even at current levels.		  

20
(Adapted from: The Economist, April 27, 1996)
Translation 20

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 1

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Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1997

Text
AUFGABE
THE TORTURED LAND
For centuries Siberia used to be a land covered with slave-labor camps where political
prisoners had to work and suffer. But Siberia is much more than the scene of event of
past political evil. For every person sent unwillingly to exile in its arctic wastelands, many
others came to hunt, trap, fish, tog or mine. The harsh life drove many back, but others
stayed, fascinated by the grand beauty of earth's greatest northern landscape.		  
However, nearly everywhere the continent-size region has been severely wounded by
pollution and continues to be wounded today. You travel up the Yenisey River toward the
Arctic. You look across the empty tundra and think you are alone in nature, miles upon
miles from the nearest person, and you decide to stretch out on the riverbank.
Unfortunately, you are lying in sands contaminated by plutonium from three upstream
nuclear reactors whose radioactive wastes have been carelessly dumped for over forty
years. 		 
Possibly the largest single source of air pollution in the world is a complex of industrial
plants melting ore to extract metal - in Norilsk in central Siberia: it pumps two million tons
of sulfur, along with heavy metals and other poisons, into the air each year, causing a
harmful arctic haze that plagues residents of the northern latitudes as far away as
Canada. Siberian industrial emissions contribute heavily to the threat of global warming,
which in turn may come back to burn the region.		  
Now the question is whether the capitalism of the new Russia will save Siberia and its
shaken ecosystems or finish them off. Japan, Korea and the U.S. are keen on exploiting
the rich taiga forests of southem Siberia. The Russian government sees its timber as a
quick source of cash to help its run-down economy. Fearful of an econornic collapse that
might once again bring to power a totalitarian regime, the U.S. is trying to promote the
responsible exploitation of the region's resources.		  
(Adapted from: TIME, September 9, 1995)

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1997

Language
AUFGABE
I. 1. LANGUAGE Punkte
FORM A CORRESPONDING NOUN FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS
(NO "ING-FORMS").
1. political (1)
2. contribute (17)		  

0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING VERB.
3. emissions (17)
4. threat (17)		  
0,5
0,5
FORM A CORRESPONDING ADJECTIVE (NO PARTICIPLE).
5. metal (15)
6. save (19)		  
0,5
0,5
FIND A SYNONYM.
7. dumped (11)
8. collapse (22)
9. promote (23)		  
1
1
1
FIND AN OPPOSITE.
10. harsh ( 4)
11. run-down (22)		  
1
1
EXPLAIN IN A COMPLETE SENTENCE.
12. ecosystem (20)		  
2
CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE.
13. The complex pumps two million tons of poison into the air each year.		  
1
CHANGE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE.
14. Radioactive waste has been carelessly dumped for over forty years.		  
1
CHANGE THE PARTICIPLE CONSTRUCTION INTO A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE.
15. For every person sent unwillingly to exile in its arctic wastelands, many others came
to hunt trap, fish, log or mine.		  

1
CHANGE INTO DIRECT SPEECH.
16. The Russian Minister of Ecology said that he had become aware that there were not
many untouched places like Kamchatka in the world.		  

1
PUT IN THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS.
17. Siberia (to be exploited) since the nineteenth century.
18. If present trends continue, the natural resources (not to last) very long.		  
1
1
Language 16

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1997

Questions
AUFGABE
I. 2. QUESTIONS Punkte
Answer the following questions in your own words. Use complete sentences.
Questions 1 to 4 refer directly to the text.		 I S
1. What people inhabited Siberia? 1 2
2. Why is a trip on the Yenisey River less romantic than it appears? 1 2
3. Why are plants like those in Norilsk so dangerous? 2 4
4. Which goals are the countries involved in Siberia trying to achieve? 2 4
5. How can Western countries help to reduce pollution in other regions? 2 4
Inhalt 8
Sprache 16
Questions 24

Einjähriges Berufskolleg Englisch

Aufgabe 2

Hauptprüfung 1997

Translation
AUFGABE
II. TRANSLATION Z. P.
THE STATE OF THE PLANET
Perhaps the most encouraging thing to say about the battered state of the world's
environment is: a general awareness is spreading around the globe that human activity
can wound the earth and extinguish its creatures. Problems that seemed exaggerated or
lie in the distant future a decade ago - global warming, ozone depletion, spreading
deserts - are now seen to be real and urgent dangers.		  



5
A survey of the planet's problems and prospects clearly re-establishes an old truth: the
astonishing extent to which, as ecologists have always said, everything is tied to
everything else. Problems on land become problems at sea and in the atmosphere, and
solutions become problems; e.g. if you irrigate the deserts in Saudi Arabia sufficiently to
turn it into farmland, the same soil can become salty and useless in two generations.		  



10		  



20
(Adapted from: TIME, October 30, 1995)
Translation 20

Lösungsvorschlag Aufgabe 2

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